What is the term for economic fraud where thieves access retailer loyalty accounts by stealing customer login information?

The term for economic fraud involving the unauthorized access of retailer loyalty accounts through stolen customer login information is referred to as Account Takeover. This type of fraud occurs when a thief gains access to a customer's account, often through phishing, data breaches, or stolen credentials. Once they have access, the fraudster can redeem loyalty points, make purchases, or change customer information, all using the customer's identity without their permission.

This distinction is critical in understanding the specific nature of fraud related to loyalty programs as opposed to broader terms like identity theft or credit card fraud, which address different aspects of wrongful access or use of personal information. Account takeover is specifically focused on the manipulation and exploitation of existing accounts, typically involving loyalty points or rewards, making it the most accurate term for this scenario.